The flipped classroom is a pedagogical approach to promote self-directed learning (SDL) among students. Students gain their first exposure to new concepts before they meet with the teacher in class to free up time for them to apply concepts and engage in interactive activities. Teachers at Carmel Divine Grace Foundation Secondary School wanted their students to have more opportunities to practise and apply the skills taught in their S4 Drama elective module. Having been introduced to the flipped learning model and convinced of the benefits it could bring, they decided to adopt this pedagogical model. In the design of learning activities in their revised module, priority was placed on:

1. fostering students' deeper learning of the topics covered;
2. developing skills essential for their success in the 21st century, such as collaboration, self-directed learning, technology skills, adaptability, accountability and responsibility; and
3. making more room for students to apply and practise the focused speaking skills during lessons.